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- id: AralDistinguishing2009
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- id: AralTie2014
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- id: ArguedasEcho2022
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- id: ArifActing2018
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- id: BakshyRole2012
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- id: BallardRosaEconomic2021
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    The Economic Origins of Authoritarian Values: Evidence From Local Trade
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- id: BarashDynamics2011
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- id: BassComments2004
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- id: BassNew1969
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- id: BayWeaponizing2018
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      month: 10
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    Weaponizing the haters: The Last Jedi and the strategic politicization of
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- id: BechtelPublic2013
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  title: Public Opinion about Income Inequality
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- id: BehrRadicalisation2013
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- id: BenklerNetwork2018
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- id: BentleyEvolving2011
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  page: 537-546
  title: Evolving social influence in large populations
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- id: BentleyPopulationlevel2011
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    - family: Ormerod
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  title: Finding and characterizing information warfare campaigns
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- id: BianchiAgentbased2015
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  title: Agent-based models in sociology
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- id: BoardLearning2021
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  title: Learning Dynamics in Social Networks
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- id: Bond61millionperson2012
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  publisher: Nature Publishing Group
  title: >-
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- id: BorPsychology2019
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  publisher: Cambridge University Press
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    The Psychology of Online Political Hostility: A Comprehensive,
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- id: BoydPunishment1992
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- id: BradshawTroops2017
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  citation-key: BradshawTroops2017
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  language: en
  title: >-
    Troops, Trolls and Troublemakers: A Global Inventory of Organized Social
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- id: BrethertonDunbar2020
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    Dunbar’s Number goes to Church: The Social Brain Hypothesis as a third
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- id: BritoSocial2019
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    Social Media and Presidential Campaigns – Preliminary Results of the 2018
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  citation-key: CentolaHow2018
  edition: 1st edition
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  language: English
  number-of-pages: '295'
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- id: CentolaSpread2010
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- id: ChatfieldTweeting2015
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      given: Elisabeth
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  language: en
  page: 43-51
  title: The Spiral of Silence A Theory of Public Opinion
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  accessed:
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      day: 15
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  citation-key: NyhanWhy2021
  container-title: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
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  PMID: '33837144'
  publisher: National Academy of Sciences
  section: Colloquium Paper
  title: >-
    Why the backfire effect does not explain the durability of political
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  volume: '118'

- id: OconnorMisinformation2019
  author:
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      given: Cailin
    - family: Weatherall
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  citation-key: OconnorMisinformation2019
  edition: 1 edition
  event-place: New Haven
  ISBN: 978-0-300-23401-5
  issued:
    - year: 2019
      month: 1
      day: 4
  language: English
  number-of-pages: '256'
  publisher: Yale University Press
  publisher-place: New Haven
  title: 'The Misinformation Age: How False Beliefs Spread'
  type: book

- id: OdlyzkoRefutation2005
  author:
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      given: Andrew
    - family: Tilly
      given: Benjamin
  citation-key: OdlyzkoRefutation2005
  issued:
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  language: en
  page: '11'
  title: >-
    A refutation of Metcalfe’s Law and a better estimate for the value of
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    - family: Wood
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  citation-key: OliverConspiracy2014
  container-title: American Journal of Political Science
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  DOI: 10.1111/ajps.12084
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  language: en
  page: 952-966
  title: Conspiracy Theories and the Paranoid Style(s) of Mass Opinion
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  URL: http://hon3397p.wp.txstate.edu/files/2015/08/OliverWood.pdf
  volume: '58'

- id: OliverLarger2014
  accessed:
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    - family: Wood
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  citation-key: OliverLarger2014
  container-title: New Scientist
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  DOI: 10.1016/S0262-4079(14)62441-6
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  volume: '224'

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  accessed:
    - year: 2022
      month: 1
      day: 28
  citation-key: Online2022
  ISBN: 978-1-78252-567-7
  issued:
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  title: >-
    The online information environment: Understanding how the internet shapes
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- id: OrmerodBinge2009
  author:
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      given: Paul
    - family: Wiltshire
      given: Greg
  citation-key: OrmerodBinge2009
  container-title: Mind & Society
  DOI: 10.1007/s11299-009-0058-1
  issue: '2'
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  page: 135-152
  title: '‘Binge’ drinking in the UK: a social network phenomenon'
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  volume: '8'

- id: OrmerodModelling2010
  author:
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      given: Paul
    - family: Bentley
      given: R Alexander
  citation-key: OrmerodModelling2010
  container-title: Cultural Science
  issue: '1'
  issued:
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  title: Modelling Creative Innovation
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  volume: '3'

- id: OrtizTraditional2018
  accessed:
    - year: 2024
      month: 2
      day: 25
  author:
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      given: Patricia
    - family: Khin Khin
      given: Eindra
  citation-key: OrtizTraditional2018
  container-title: Behavioral Sciences & the Law
  DOI: 10.1002/bsl.2338
  ISSN: 1099-0798
  issue: '2'
  issued:
    - year: 2018
  language: en
  page: 245-256
  title: Traditional and new media's influence on suicidal behavior and contagion
  type: article-journal
  volume: '36'

- id: PalenCrisis2016
  accessed:
    - year: 2021
      month: 7
      day: 29
  author:
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      given: Leysia
    - family: Anderson
      given: Kenneth M.
  citation-key: PalenCrisis2016
  container-title: Science
  DOI: 10.1126/science.aag2579
  ISSN: 0036-8075, 1095-9203
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  language: en
  page: 224-225
  PMID: '27418492'
  publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science
  section: Policy Forum
  title: Crisis informatics—New data for extraordinary times
  type: article-journal
  volume: '353'

- id: ParkerArt2018
  author:
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      given: Priya
  call-number: BF637.S4 P357 2018
  citation-key: ParkerArt2018
  edition: International edition
  event-place: New York
  ISBN: 978-1-59463-492-5
  issued:
    - year: 2018
  number-of-pages: '304'
  publisher: Riverhead Books
  publisher-place: New York
  title: 'The art of gathering: how we meet and why it matters'
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  accessed:
    - year: 2020
      month: 8
      day: 24
  author:
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      given: Romualdo
    - family: Castellano
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      given: Piet
    - family: Vespignani
      given: Alessandro
  citation-key: PastorSatorrasEpidemic2015
  container-title: Reviews of Modern Physics
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      month: 8
      day: 31
  page: 925-979
  publisher: American Physical Society
  title: Epidemic processes in complex networks
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  volume: '87'

- id: PerligerSocial2011
  accessed:
    - year: 2021
      month: 11
      day: 13
  author:
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      given: Arie
    - family: Pedahzur
      given: Ami
  citation-key: PerligerSocial2011
  container-title: 'PS: Political Science and Politics'
  DOI: 10.1017/S1049096510001848
  ISSN: 1049-0965
  issue: '1'
  issued:
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  page: 45-50
  publisher: '[American Political Science Association, Cambridge University Press]'
  title: Social Network Analysis in the Study of Terrorism and Political Violence
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  volume: '44'

- id: PetersenCommunicate2021
  accessed:
    - year: 2021
      month: 12
      day: 19
  author:
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      given: Michael Bang
    - family: Christiansen
      given: Lasse Engbo
    - family: Bor
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    - family: Lindholt
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      given: Frederik Juhl
    - family: Adler-Nissen
      given: Rebecca
    - family: Roepstorff
      given: Andreas
    - family: Lehmann
      given: Sune
  citation-key: PetersenCommunicate2021
  DOI: 10.31234/osf.io/gxcyn
  issued:
    - year: 2021
      month: 2
      day: 9
  language: en-us
  publisher: PsyArXiv
  title: >-
    Communicate Hope to Motivate Action Against Highly Infectious SARS-CoV-2
    Variants
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  URL: https://psyarxiv.com/gxcyn/

- id: PetersenPandemic2021
  accessed:
    - year: 2021
      month: 12
      day: 17
  author:
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      given: Michael Bang
    - family: Rasmussen
      given: Magnus Storm
    - family: Lindholt
      given: Marie Fly
    - family: Jørgensen
      given: Frederik Juhl
  citation-key: PetersenPandemic2021
  DOI: 10.31234/osf.io/y6wm4
  issued:
    - year: 2021
      month: 10
      day: 23
  language: en-us
  publisher: PsyArXiv
  title: >-
    Pandemic Fatigue and Populism: The Development of Pandemic Fatigue during
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  accessed:
    - year: 2021
      month: 11
      day: 1
  author:
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      given: Flávio L.
    - family: Santos
      given: Marta D.
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    - family: Pacheco
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  citation-key: PinheiroOrigin2014
  container-title: Physical Review Letters
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  issued:
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      month: 3
      day: 6
  page: '098702'
  publisher: American Physical Society
  title: Origin of Peer Influence in Social Networks
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  volume: '112'

- id: PowellArticulating2018
  accessed:
    - year: 2021
      month: 7
      day: 5
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      given: Derek
    - family: Weisman
      given: Kara
  citation-key: PowellArticulating2018
  issued:
    - year: 2018
      month: 2
      day: 1
  language: en
  publisher: OSF
  title: >-
    Articulating lay theories through graphical models: A study of beliefs
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  URL: https://cogsci.mindmodeling.org/2018/papers/0183/0183.pdf

- id: RadfordLanguage2019
  author:
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      given: Alec
    - family: Wu
      given: Jeffrey
    - family: Child
      given: Rewon
    - family: Luan
      given: David
    - family: Amodei
      given: Dario
    - family: Sutskever
      given: Ilya
  citation-key: RadfordLanguage2019
  issued:
    - year: 2019
  language: en
  page: '24'
  title: Language Models are Unsupervised Multitask Learners
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- id: RawlingsCognitive2020
  accessed:
    - year: 2020
      month: 11
      day: 19
  author:
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      given: Craig M.
  citation-key: RawlingsCognitive2020
  container-title: American Sociological Review
  container-title-short: Am Sociol Rev
  DOI: 10.1177/0003122420967305
  ISSN: 0003-1224
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      month: 11
      day: 12
  language: en
  page: '0003122420967305'
  publisher: SAGE Publications Inc
  title: Cognitive Authority and the Constraint of Attitude Change in Groups
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- id: RedlawskAffective2010
  author:
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      given: David P.
    - family: Civettini
      given: Andrew J. W.
    - family: Emmerson
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  citation-key: RedlawskAffective2010
  container-title: Political Psychology
  DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9221.2010.00772.x
  ISSN: 1467-9221
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  issued:
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      month: 8
      day: 1
  language: en
  page: 563-593
  title: 'The Affective Tipping Point: Do Motivated Reasoners Ever “Get It”?'
  type: article-journal
  URL: >-
    http://www.rci.rutgers.edu/~redlawsk/papers/Tipping%20Point%20doi=10.1111_j.1467-9221.2010.00772.pdf
  volume: '31'

- id: RehkopfConsistency2016
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      month: 9
      day: 16
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      given: David H.
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  citation-key: RehkopfConsistency2016
  container-title: Current epidemiology reports
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      month: 3
  page: 63-71
  PMCID: PMC4912021
  PMID: '27326386'
  title: >-
    The Consistency Assumption for Causal Inference in Social Epidemiology: When
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- id: ReynaScientific2021
  accessed:
    - year: 2021
      month: 4
      day: 15
  author:
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      given: Valerie F.
  citation-key: ReynaScientific2021
  container-title: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
  container-title-short: PNAS
  DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1912441117
  ISSN: 0027-8424, 1091-6490
  issue: '15'
  issued:
    - year: 2021
      month: 4
      day: 13
  language: en
  PMID: '32312815'
  publisher: National Academy of Sciences
  section: Colloquium Paper
  title: >-
    A scientific theory of gist communication and misinformation resistance,
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  volume: '118'

- id: ReynoldsMapping2020
  author:
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      given: Anna
    - literal: Central and Eastern European Online Library
  citation-key: ReynoldsMapping2020
  ISBN: '9789934564710'
  issued:
    - year: 2020
  language: en
  title: Mapping Extremist Communities, a Social Network Analysis Approach.
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- id: ReynoldsSocial2019
  accessed:
    - year: 2021
      month: 11
      day: 13
  author:
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  citation-key: ReynoldsSocial2019
  container-title: Terrorism and Political Violence
  DOI: 10.1080/09546553.2016.1272456
  ISSN: 0954-6553
  issue: '4'
  issued:
    - year: 2019
      month: 7
      day: 4
  page: 661-686
  publisher: Routledge
  title: Social Network Analysis of German Foreign Fighters in Syria and Iraq
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  volume: '31'

- id: RibeiroAuditing2019
  accessed:
    - year: 2019
      month: 8
      day: 28
  author:
    - family: Ribeiro
      given: Manoel Horta
    - family: Ottoni
      given: Raphael
    - family: West
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  citation-key: RibeiroAuditing2019
  container-title: arXiv:1908.08313 [cs]
  issued:
    - year: 2019
      month: 8
      day: 22
  title: Auditing Radicalization Pathways on YouTube
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  URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/1908.08313

- id: RichardsonGet2019
  author:
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      given: Bailey
    - family: Huynh
      given: Kevin
    - family: Sotto
      given: Kai Elmer
  citation-key: RichardsonGet2019
  ISBN: 978-1-73226-519-6
  issued:
    - year: 2019
  language: English
  title: 'Get together: how to build a community with your people'
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  author:
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      given: Peter J
    - family: Boyd
      given: Robert T
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  citation-key: RichersonCultural2003
  container-title: Genetic and Cultural Evolution of Cooperation
  contributor:
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      given: ''
  issued:
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  page: '357'
  title: Cultural Evolution of Human Cooperation
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- id: RiederRanking2018
  accessed:
    - year: 2019
      month: 10
      day: 3
  author:
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      given: Bernhard
    - family: Matamoros-Fernández
      given: Ariadna
    - family: Coromina
      given: Òscar
  citation-key: RiederRanking2018
  container-title: Convergence
  container-title-short: Convergence
  DOI: 10.1177/1354856517736982
  ISSN: 1354-8565
  issue: '1'
  issued:
    - year: 2018
      month: 2
      day: 1
  language: en
  page: 50-68
  title: >-
    From ranking algorithms to ‘ranking cultures’: Investigating the modulation
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  volume: '24'

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  author:
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      given: Garry
  citation-key: RobinsDoing2015
  DOI: 10.4135/9781473916753
  ISBN: 978-1-4739-1674-6
  issued:
    - year: 2015
      month: 1
      day: 16
  language: en
  number-of-pages: '281'
  publisher: SAGE
  title: >-
    Doing Social Network Research: Network-based Research Design for Social
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- id: RobisonDisagreeable2018
  accessed:
    - year: 2020
      month: 11
      day: 19
  author:
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      given: Joshua
    - family: Leeper
      given: Thomas J.
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      given: James N.
  citation-key: RobisonDisagreeable2018
  container-title: Political Psychology
  DOI: 10.1111/pops.12374
  ISSN: 1467-9221
  issue: '2'
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  language: en
  page: 479-494
  title: Do Disagreeable Political Discussion Networks Undermine Attitude Strength?
  type: article-journal
  volume: '39'

- id: RogallMobilizing2014
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    - year: 2014
      month: 12
      day: 30
  author:
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      given: Thorsten
  citation-key: RogallMobilizing2014
  issued:
    - year: 2014
  title: Mobilizing the Masses for Genocide
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  accessed:
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      month: 11
      day: 13
  author:
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      given: Everett M.
  citation-key: RogersDiffusion1987
  collection-title: Computers and Medicine
  container-title: Use and Impact of Computers in Clinical Medicine
  DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4613-8674-2_9
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      given: James G.
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      given: Stephen J.
  event-place: New York, NY
  ISBN: 978-1-4613-8674-2
  issued:
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  language: en
  page: 113-131
  publisher: Springer
  publisher-place: New York, NY
  title: 'Diffusion of Innovations: An Overview'
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  URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8674-2_9

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  accessed:
    - year: 2021
      month: 5
      day: 12
  author:
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      given: Daniel M.
    - family: Meeder
      given: Brendan
    - family: Kleinberg
      given: Jon
  citation-key: RomeroDifferences2011
  collection-title: WWW '11
  container-title: Proceedings of the 20th international conference on World wide web
  DOI: 10.1145/1963405.1963503
  event-place: New York, NY, USA
  ISBN: 978-1-4503-0632-4
  issued:
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      month: 3
      day: 28
  page: 695–704
  publisher: Association for Computing Machinery
  publisher-place: New York, NY, USA
  title: >-
    Differences in the mechanics of information diffusion across topics: idioms,
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  accessed:
    - year: 2021
      month: 7
      day: 14
  author:
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      given: Kevin
  citation-key: RooseFacebook2021
  container-title: The New York Times
  ISSN: 0362-4331
  issued:
    - year: 2021
      month: 7
      day: 14
  language: en-US
  section: Technology
  title: Inside Facebook’s Data Wars
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    - year: 2020
      month: 5
      day: 24
  author:
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      given: Kevin
  citation-key: RooseGet2020
  container-title: The New York Times
  ISSN: 0362-4331
  issued:
    - year: 2020
      month: 5
      day: 13
  language: en-US
  section: Technology
  title: Get Ready for a Vaccine Information War
  type: article-newspaper
  URL: >-
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      day: 11
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  citation-key: RoozenbeekFake2019
  container-title: Palgrave Communications
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  language: en
  page: 1-10
  title: >-
    Fake news game confers psychological resistance against online
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  author:
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      given: Gabriel
  call-number: ML68 .R67 2012
  citation-key: RossmanClimbing2012
  event-place: Princeton
  ISBN: 978-0-691-14873-1
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  number-of-pages: '184'
  publisher: Princeton University Press
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  title: >-
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...
